The consumer credit trap and how to avoid it

This morning I found an interesting advertisement from HSBC which said I had won/earned (ganado) 2 percent monthly interest rate on purchases made through the end of October. I was not thrilled.  I probably get an e-mail message each month telling me of different buy now pay later offers for different stores and I keep asking myself "why?"

Why would I want to shop at those stores?
Why would this be in my interest?
Why would I want to pay 2% a month (24% a year!) to go buy stuff this month with my credit card?

Unfortunately many people would see that e-mail and immediately plan to go buy stuff sometime that week.  The problem is that credit cards and any other form of consumer credit is a drug. As humans we get a little excited and happy every time we have something new. It doesn't require a purchase, but shopping is a very easy way to get new stuff.  It is also unfortunate that this happiness is very temporary. Typically from a few seconds to a month. After that it is either consumed or gets put in a pile of other stuff. Eventually we need to buy containers to store our stuff in and find somewhere to put it all. That's probably why the bigger the house, the more stuff we have and the more stuff we have the bigger the house we "need".  Since housing is a huge fixed expense, just having a huge collection of stuff - even free stuff - would have a large financial burden. You'd need an extra bedroom and a garage just to store it all.

What about the credit card balance? First of all you will now have to pay it. If you are late on a payment or miss a payment you'll pay a large fee. Additionally you'll be paying 24% each year this month's purchases that you didn't even need.

You'll need to consider the opportunity cost of your consumption. Consumption is a bad word. The cost of the goods you buy plus interest plus the occasional late fee plus storage cost is huge. Say I went out and bought a new wardrobe up to my current $3500 peso limit. Those clothes are not going to generate income. If I already have sufficient clothing it was a waste of money. I could have just bought what I need and could pay off at the end of the month without paying interest.   It would be great to have another pair of trousers and a dress shirt, but I don't need to spend more than 900 pesos perhaps less if I go to a store like Walmart or Soriana. I probably won't even buy those. I don't really need to buy a shirt. I could just buy trousers with cash or using credit and pay my card off in full at the end of the month.

Instead of spending $3500, I could spend 400 pesos for what I could really use and assuming I actually had $3100 pesos available, I could invest it in stocks, bonds, or CETES (T-bill equivalent). Supposing that I already have met my savings goal for long term needs, I could put the money in the bank to pay for  my vacation!

How can you avoid the consumer credit trap?

• Be aware that banks are not your friends. They want you to owe them money so that you will become a steady source of income for them.
• Be aware that happiness from stuff is only temporary, but its cost is long term in money, interest and fees, and in increased storage and housing.
• Pay yourself first. Set aside money every time you get paid. Some money should be for irregular expenses and some money should be for retirement. The irregular expense money that isn't spent should be put in investments.
• When you see something you like in a store, ask yourself if you really need it and if you have the cash available to pay for it (without taking money from your savings!) Better yet, wait a day or a week before making the purchase.  You'll be surprised how often you feel you absolutely need something one day and the next week you no longer want it.
• Don't carry your credit card(s) with you.  
• Plan your shopping trips. Make a list of the things you need and stick to it.
• Don't go to shopping centers as social events. Go to parks, go for walks,etc. 
• Don't watch television. Those advertisements might make you think you need something.

Sometimes you need to find new friends on the path to financial freedom

Resistance by friends to your budgeting and saving may be strong. In my case, I can think of several occasions when I was either insulted, told I was cheap so I wasn't worthy of a relationship, or worse. It is time for another story.

A friend of mine, at least I thought he was a friend, who I know had trouble grasping the concepts of frugality so that one could save money for whatever, had asked me to join him and other friends to celebrate Saturday, the 15th of September (grito de independencia). We had gone out before with and without other friends so I thought it would be fine.

There were several of us and we had a decent time, but I think I would have enjoyed myself as much watching a movie on the computer. I bought three drinks and relaxed a little. As we left around 4 in the morning I could tell that my friend was in a bad mood.

 He started to complain to the others about how I bought inexpensive shoes.  I had told him one day many months ago how I had bought new dress shoes at the mall near the apartment for about 500 pesos and I casually mentioned that my last tennis shoes were 200 pesos in the market. That day he mentioned that he knew of a place where I could get very good tennis shoes for 400 pesos of better quality and I had said yes, I was interested. Many months later he hasn't accompanied me to go buy them. We had actually scheduled a day to go shoe shopping once and he left me waiting for his call. That didn't however stop him from telling them how cheap I was early Sunday morning. Obviously cheap tennis shoes aren't going to last very long, but for 1/3 of normal price  I don't really care if they'd only last a few months.

I don't remember all of the conversation, but  I commented that I am careful with my money because I'm saving money to buy my house. Instead of saying ok, not having my own home yet, was again held against me.  It seems that you aren't supposed to save money and you are supposed to magically own while maintaining an above one's means lifestyle!  The topic then changed for a few minutes.

Supposedly we were all going to go have supper at 5am somewhere. When we arrived at a bus stop, one of them said that I was inviting them to supper. I guess all my efforts to save part of my low income makes them think that I'd buy a meal at an undisclosed location for people I had just met (my "friend" had friends I hadn't met join us).  Then several others repeated that statement that I'd pay. Here in Mexico, inviting someone means you pay the bill. I said no and then one of them said that my Spanish was very bad (even though I'm fluent). It was clear that he was offended because I wouldn't invite them a meal. Of course, they didn't invite me any drinks or anything earlier.

I keep discovering that the people who accuse me of being cheap and ask me to "invite" them things are people who never buy me anything not even a subway ticket.

I didn't respond to his insult since I didn't see the point. I normally don't have a desire to argue or fight especially about stupid things between 10pm and 9am. I'm much rather relax, have a good time, or sleep. Instead of fighting back, I retied one of my shoes.  Then one of them said they didn't feel like waiting more for the bus and they started walking toward the undisclosed all night restaurant. Since it was only a few seconds after the insult, I decided to cut my losses. They went one way and without a word because I was angry, I crossed the street to take the same bus route going the opposite direction home.

I was hoping to get a text message or a message in Facebook asking what happened or if I was ok, but instead I got nothing.  I can interpret this in several ways. One is that my friend is jealous that I'm saving money now and trying to reach a goal. Another is that he's a very low quality friend or at least very inconsiderate. Finally I can accept that while I might join him sometime in the future to a bar, that that's about the extent of our friendship and that it is time to find friends who are happy that one is trying to improve his situation.

If you have been saving money for your future whether you are saving for your first home or your retirement, don't be surprised to find out that your friends are less than supportive even when they have more money than you do.  Sometimes you need to find new friends on your path to financial freedom!

When you are doing well don't tell your friends or family.

I've discovered that at least in Latin America, it is best to tell people how bad you're doing. I've been working hard at cutting expenses and minimizing others. I'm still spending too much on food, but much less than many people I know.

Even though I only just implemented my investment strategy this month (The strategy I've been working on for several months), I've already gotten comments that "I make more than them so I should be more generous." or that I'm very "cheap" because I am not sharing my new found wealth.

It is ridiculous because I have been struggling and making sacrifices to save and invest what I can of the very low (much less than minimum wage in the United States) income I have. I won't see income above a few dollars a month for at least a year and that is supposing that I have non-stop work for the next twelve months. That is pretty doubtful since most of my groups cancel most of December and half of January plus a week or two for holy week in the spring. Of course for those few dollar a month earnings I'm saving much more which is a net loss every month; sacrificing money today for money years from now. It isn't as if I had won the lottery or inherited a fortune.

I have:

• found roommates for the other rooms in the apartment.
• found a roommate to share my room.
• one roommate uses my closet and sleeps in the living room.
• refused to buy a car and I only take a taxi when necessary.
• limited myself to inexpensive food when at home and eating out. When I eat out I normally buy something very cheap on the street.
• started washing my clothes by hand when I have time to do so. 
• rented an apartment in a relatively poor area of the city with good public transportation.
• recycled and reused what I can.
• stopped buying magazines or newspapers except when they are for use in my English classes. I have been reading some newspapers and magazines at the university library where I teach a few days a week and I'll read news articles online.
• refused to buy more gadgets except as a replacement.
• paid my credit card in full every month. 
• refused any unjustified regular expenses. I have my cell phone and internet at home. I don't need anything else that isn't essential.

I have many more things to do like try cooking more of my food at home, but I feel good to know that I'm making progress. This doesn't make me "very cheap", it makes me responsible.  I don't have to ask friends for a loan. I don't have to take what doesn't belong to me since I am being responsible with my low income.  No, I don't have a huge bank account. I decided to keep no more than one month's income in cash except in the event that I take a much needed vacation.  No, I couldn't live for a year on my investments. I suppose if I could cash everything out I'd be able to survive for a little under a year, but it would be only survival. Of course, I would then have nothing for retirement nor for a house or condo to call home.

It seems that all the minor miracles I've been managing to have humble savings is considered to be a horrible thing to the general population. I should, according to them, spend all my money on stuff and on them and forget about being responsible or savings. Will they take care of me one day? Will they give me food, clothing, and shelter?  Of course they won't!  They are just jealous of what little someone else has been able to manage. They are jealous that I've made the commitment to prepare for my future. 

My advice to you is that if you have friends or family who are like them, tell them you are broke, that you have no savings and that you aren't sure if you'll be able to pay your rent next month. They'll be happy thinking you're just as bad off as they are and when you want to save money instead of spending a huge portion of your paycheck on a night at a bar or on a cruise ship vacation. Tell them you can't afford it because you need to buy a new television or other stuff that they would think is important. 

Measuring Financial Independence Progress and the arrogance of idiots

Last night I was in Messenger, and I said hello to a contact that I haven't met in person, but he was someone with whom I'd chat with about 2 years ago.  All was well until I mentioned to him that I started sharing my bedroom in the apartment I rent.

He didn't ask me why, but he quickly went on to judge me (someone he hasn't even met). He asked my age. I'm 36. Then he went on to ask me about my posessions. Do I have my own house? no
Do I have a car? no, and I don't want one. I live only a few minutes walk from the subway and a major avenue. I definitely don't want to waste money on a car. Then he went on to tell me that I don't even know if I'll have food to eat tomorrow.  That isn't the case, but I didn't feel like correcting him since he didn't seem to care about my situation only my posessions.

He then told me that I have nothing. Then he continued to tell me how he has his own house and furniture and he pays his bills.

The difference is that he lived with his parents most of his life and his parents gave him for free the lot to build his house on. The hardest thing in a megacity is to find WHERE to build a house and actually buy it. The actual construction here is very easy to manage once you own the land. It is very likely he never rented.  I'm not saying anything he did to have his house is wrong.  What I'm saying is that his arrogance is wrong since he basically lived off of his parents while I have had to pay rent and bills and yes, I buy my furniture too.  If he had been renting since his early 20s like I have and had he bought the land his house is on then I'd admire him. Since that's not the case, I think he's a jerk who deserves retribution for being so arrogant.

Should I have my own place by now? I suppose I really should, but my income isn't high, and I'm single. Most of my income isn't considered when applying for a loan. He also works independently, but since his parents gave him the land, he didn't even need to request a loan to build.  Land in a megacity/metropolis is very expensive. If I lived in a small town or even a small city, I probably would be able to buy an empty lot for not so much.

As for his scolding me for sharing my room, I think that was just stupid, but that shows you how backwards people are. Instead of praising you for making a sacrifice to finally get ahead financially, they scold you since you really should spend as much money as possible and somehow manage to buy a house of your own while single on a low income.  Sorry, but I'm not going to buy into that backwards thinking.  That's what leads people into mortgage foreclosure and living on the street or with family, because they spent instead of saved.

No, I don't regret not living off of my parents during my 20s and then have the option of being an arrogant idiot like him.  I'm very proud that I've been able to survive without having to ask my parents to support me or to give me land for my own house.  I only regret not posting the roommate advertisement years ago! I'd have a lot more money saved today if I had a roommate sharing a room not only an apartment. I also wouldn't have had to move  a few years ago when times were tough if I had shared the rent of my room with another.

I definitely want to continue to live with roommates and yes share my room (I started sharing this month).  Some of the money I save will go toward bunk beds. The rest of the money I save goes toward my financial independence and early retirement.  I definitely hope to have my own home, but I'm not going to be a jerk about it when I do.  As long as I am single, I plan to have roommates! It just makes sense to share.  Housing costs are normally the biggest expense and rent money isn't an investment. You pay it and it is gone. When I buy my own place, I also plan on having roommates. If I'm lucky their rent money will pay the bills or most of them. I will be able to have my own place and still retire early.

I actually could get a small loan for a tiny house without a yard on the outskirts of the metropolis, but I wouldn't be able to live there while I am working since it would be about 2.5 or 3 hours away and since there is no yard I wouldn't be able to have a garden. Those houses only have 1-2 tiny bedrooms so I wouldn't be able to share. It wouldn't be a very good investment since it wouldn't be a place I'd want except in an emergency. It makes more sense for me to invest in dividend stocks and bonds.

What do you value? Do luxuries like a car make you feel like you have more value that someone who takes public transportation?  I think a better measure of how you are doing is in stability, the ability to cover your basic needs, and safety for the future. Having your own home gives stability, but only as much stability as being able to live in it and pay the bills.  A car doesn't make you more stable, it eats money. A car is a convenience.  How many months could you survive if you stopped working your regular job today?  If I stopped earning money today, I could easily live 7 months and 10 months if I only cooked basic food at home.

Is life really too short to invest for your future?

I had an interesting chat with my other new roommate two nights ago. We were discussing my philosophy which isn't really new to me. Many people believe in living simply and saving for the future unfortunately here in Mexico and apparently in most of Latin America (this roommate is from Venezuela), the habit of saving is only for very short term savings typical reasons for saving money were for a party, for vacation, and for home electronics. Only about 8% of Mexicans according to the survey I read in a newspaper actually are saving anything for their retirement even though over 50% say they have the habit of saving.

Let me get back to the conversation. My roommate mentioned how its possible to die soon and not be able to enjoy your savings and early retirement. That is true but I think the odds are much higher that I'll live to be at least 50 and since all my grandparents ( I believe) were mid-80s or older when they died, unless I get sick or die from an accident I'll most likely live to my mid-seventies or older.

I guess it comes down to two things, how long you expect to live and if you believe that pleasure today is more important than pleasure tomorrow and the day after.  In other words, is it worth it to sacrifice the car or the apartment in an expensive area and the restaurant meals in favor of simple living in a cheap apartment sharing with roommates so that you'll be able to cover emergencies and if there aren't any emergencies in the next 6-10 years be able to retire early?

Only you can answer that question for yourself.  Like him, I also think that life is too short. I think it is very possible that I could die before I'm 67 or whatever the government's retirement age happens to be.  I would like to be able to be financially free and do whatever I want for years before that time. I'd like to travel the world and make destination photo books to sell online. I'd like to meet new people, try new food, and learn new languages. I'd like to have time to take lessons to improve my manual art skills. If I didn't have to work everyday to live, I'd have a lot more time for those activities especially travel.

It is difficult to say if I'll be able to reach the goal since I'm averaging about 50% savings even with my frugal lifestyle. My income isn't high enough to save more. I do know that even a little makes a big difference over time.

Are you one of the 92% who leaves your normal-old-age retirement to God or your children?  It is time to wake up because you might not die young as you planned and your children might be spending their money on your grandchildren instead of you.  What does life is short mean to you?  Does it mean to forget the future and be irresponsible or does it mean to plan for tomorrow?

Ten Lifestyle Rules for Financial Independence and Early Retirement.

Financial Independence and very early retirement seem almost impossible to people who are not used to budgeting and/or living simply.  Most people just believe the illusion that they can spend almost all of their money or 100% of it and that somehow their employer funded retirement account or the government will manage to take care of them while they pray they'll be healthy and have work to pay for their expenses from now until their official retirement date.

Unfortunately, that isn't true for most people. People lose their jobs and in short order they lose their extremely meager savings (perhaps enough to survive a month!)  and then they lose their home that they were making mortgage payments on or they get kicked out of their apartment (which they couldn't afford either!) because they stopped paying their rent.

We all need to budget our personal spending because there is no reason why we can't lose our income before the official retirement age or lose our ability to work before that age.

Most importantly, one needs to change his or her attitudes toward money.  Money isn't a right and we aren't entitled to any specific lifestyle or spending. Those who have the money can spend it as they can see fit.

Rule #1:

Live BELOW your means.

If you take home $1000 a month, NEVER spend 100% of it. Make a point of keeping your regular expenses at or below 60% or $600.  You probably won't make early retirement with only 40% for irregular expenses, debt repayment, and savings, but it at least your savings will cover real irregular expenses and you should be able to grow a decent emergency fund between personal finance disasters.

If you want to retire early and truly be financially independent you need to save  and invest at least half of your after-tax income. The greater the percentage that you save and invest every month, the faster you'll see the benefits. 
At first you'll see that in an emergency you can pay your bills without using a credit card or having to ask for a loan. 
Your money needs to make you more money. Eventually your investments will be large enough to pay your bills then you will be able to quit your job, retire, change jobs, go from full-time to part-time, or make your hobby your new profession. 

Rule #2

KNOW where your money goes.

It is great to believe your regular expenses are less than 60% of your take home pay, but you need to either track all expenses or periodically track them and be pretty consistent with your spending.  An easy way to verify is to add up money put in savings and investments and debt reduction (monthly credit card and mortgage payments are not debt reduction) If the total is at least 30% of your take home that leaves about 10% spending for irregular and entertainment. if it is less than you need to be more careful at planning and tracking your expenses.
Be specially careful with bank and credit card fees. Below minimum balance, late payment, and missed payment fees can be huge! There are also account maintenance fees on some bank accounts. Credit cards often have annual fees.  These should be covered in your REGULAR expenses until you get rid of them.


Rule #3

Don't give up after making a mistake.

Ok, you spent a lot of money at a night out with friends. Accept that it happened and it was a mistake if it was over budget. Just don't give up your budget. Track your expenses better and stay home some other night you normally go out so it balances out to an acceptable level.  Making a mistake doesn't mean it is time to throw in the towel. This month you had a setback. Next month you'll make progress!

Rule #4

Make lifestyle changes

If you are used to living beyond your means, you will have to reevaluate what is really important to you. Do those expensive nights out at the disco and the daily taxi drives or the expensive SUV really make you happy?  I really doubt it makes you happy beyond a few days.
Reduce or eliminate expenses that don't make you happier or healthier.  Downsize your lifestyle. Cook at home more, eat out less. Rent or own a home that is big enough for you and your family. Share your apartment or rent out extra rooms.  Make coffee at home instead of going to an expensive coffee shop every day.  Don't buy new trendy clothing every season if conservative timeless styles will do. Buy used clothing and shop at garage sales or online for used goods in good condition.
Not everything good will cost you money. Libraries have books, museums often have a free day, parks are generally free.
Limit your consumption when you go to expensive places. Buy one drink instead of 4. Buy the daily special instead of a regular menu item at the restaurant when you go out on a date or with friends.

Rule #5

Focus on big expenses, subscriptions, and simplicity.

A simple lifestyle gives you freedom. Cutting from your budget services you never or rarely use makes sense.  If you only watch one movie per month, why pay more than the cost of a visit to a movie theater for those movie channels?  If you don't use internet on your cell phone, why pay for the service?  If you don't use it or rarely use it, reduce it then cancel it.  For example start with your cable and internet bill. Start by reducing from the full package to a package without movie channels and wait a month.  Did you miss them? Probably not if you are like most people. The next month go to a more basic package or go to just what you actually used the previous month.  Do you always watch TV online? Cancel the television service and just pay for internet. Do you always use the internet on your breaks at the office, cancel your internet service at home.  The same goes for magazine and newspaper subscriptions.  If you don't read half of the magazines, then it makes more sense to just buy one at the news stand when an issue has an article you want to keep.  Better yet, go to the local library to read magazines and newspapers!
Can you walk, ride your bike, or take a bus to work instead of driving your car?
The biggest expenses are normally rent, transportation, food, and utilities.  Reducing those will make the biggest dent in your monthly expenses.

Rule #6

Record your income, savings, and investing in a spreadsheet.

You need to make a budget, but recording your general spending or every single expense will keep you honest and on track.  Personally I don't record every expense, but I do make a point of saving 40-50% of my income as much as possible. Yes that means sharing the apartment, not using a car, etc.  You need to decide what you value until you have substantial investments paying your bills.
Today, tracking your expenses compared to your budget is easier than ever since you can use Google Docs spreadsheets and update your figures anywhere you can find a safe internet connection.

Rule #7

Learn the difference between an asset and a liability and start investing your savings in a variety of assets.

What you don't spend once you are living below your means, can go to your emergency fund and investments. Start investing right away. Inflation eats the buying power of cash savings, so it is important to take some risk by investing.  Certificates of Deposit are probably the safest, but they generate little income. Stocks are high risk, but they'll normally grow faster than inflation or pay dividends. Rental property can make regular income for minimal effort, but you need a big up-front investment as a down payment and there are of course property taxes, mortgage payments, and home owner fees.  Find a balance that is right for you, but invest in assets instead of spending money on liabilities.  Assets generate income and/or grow in value.  Liabilities cost you money.

Rule #8

Pay yourself first.

Every time you get your paycheck or get paid for a service you provide or a product you sell,  put a % of the payment in your savings and investments. It should be equal to or greater than the % you decided in your budget. No, 10-15%  is NOT sufficient. That won't cover real emergencies nor your retirement unless you started saving when you were 20.
If you have a regular salaried job, you know how much money you make every paycheck so you can regularly have money transferred to your savings and brokerage accounts. A freelancer should just deposit a % with each payment received.
Why pay yourself first?  It is too easy to see money unspent and buy something that you want (but probably don't need). Once the money is invested, it isn't so easy to spend it on something trendy, or cool. Once you have time to think about it you probably will decide that you didn't really want it that much or it can wait another month or two until the price drops.

Although a 10-15% savings rate is not enough for financial independence or even a decent retirement if you are new to budgeting and saving, it is a very good start if you aren't used to living on less than 100% of their paycheck.

Rule #9

Buy basic goods more than processed goods at the supermarket.

When you go shopping you see most things at the supermarket are processed ready to heat and eat. Unfortunately most have added sugar, salt, and fat. If you are busy it is nice to have something to eat quick, but eating mostly processed food will increase your food expenses. Natural oatmeal is easy to prepare and much cheaper than processed cereals. Potatoes can easily be sliced on a cutting board (carefully!) and fried in canola oil for much less than a bag of precooked french fries. Fried rice is extremely easy to cook and of course it is much cheaper than precooked fried rice.  Tea is cheaper than soda and much healthier too.

Rule #10

Only buy deals for things that you'll actually use before they go bad.

Couponing is one example. Yeah, you'll save money with coupons, but you'll notice that coupons are not available for unprocessed natural goods. Eggs, oatmeal, fresh fruit and vegetables, are already cheap. Processing adds costs and makes them expensive therefore the coupons. If you buy basic goods then coupons don't make sense.   If there is a promotion on your shampoo then you're probably safe, but if you live alone you probably won't eat 2 kilograms of tomatoes before they spoil.  It is hard to guess how much you'll consume, but if you know you don't eat more than 500 grams of something every week and normally less, then don't buy more if it will spoil. I know I never eat more than 2 kilograms of carrots in a week. Sometimes I eat only one so I try to plan according to my average consumption.

Having Roommates makes a big difference! Reduce your housing costs for Financial Independence.

The last 7 month's have been a little crazy for me.  Before mid-December of 2011 I was in a stable roommate situation in a very cheap and very tiny town home very far out in the suburbs.  I wasn't happy with my roommate due to his financial decisions (always broke do to poor judgement)  and due to his occasional tantrums (even though he is one year older than me, he seemed more like a grade school student when he didn't get his way).  Obviously, I wanted to change my situation because happiness is more important than money and if you are not happy at home, you won't be truly happy elsewhere.

I was offered the opportunity to share a 3 bedroom apartment in a slightly poor area 30 minutes in transportation north of downtown just a few minutes walk from a subway station.  My cut of the expenses was much more than I was paying  way out in the suburbs, but I had poor neighbors and I knew that I didn't want to rent alone due to the expense and of course rents are much higher in the city proper than on the outskirts of the metropolitan area.   I accepted and the drama quickly started.  I discovered I replaced one bad roommate with two.  These were very dishonest and noisy. They loved having loud parties every holiday and all night.  I tried again to find a room to rent in a decent place for a good price, but I didn't find one.

As luck would have it one bad roommate moved out in March about half way through a month he didn't pay. He owed me some money too. I paid more to cover half of his room's cost that month. I was happy that he left because I learned to despise him during the few months we shared the apartment.

In May, I discovered that the OTHER roommate, who did find someone to rent the other room the next month, had lied to me and the new (better roommate) about needing to pay an extra month of deposit. It wasn't true.  Last month (May) that roommate left leaving his stuff and owing money for the electricty and water bill which he said he'd pay but never did. He of course owed money to the landlady and to me for the last month's rent and the "extra deposit" money I had given him.   Thankfully a mutual friend was able to pressure him to give money for (most of ) his outstanding bills at the apartment.

Now starting July, I discover that I'm the one in charge of the roommate situation here but also in charge of paying the rent and the basic bills (internet, water, gas, electricity).  I didn't imagine it would turn out like this, but life does that to you.  You think everything will be just right and then everything changes!

What's different?  Well I'll be signing a one year contract for renting here. It doesn't bother me because it isn't expensive and it is a good location.  There was one problem.  for June, I still hadn't found a roommate for the extra room so I paid 2 of the 3 rooms here.  I got 1 month back from the money they got from the roommate who left in May, but that money went from my pocket back out as rent.

How does it feel to pay 2/3 of the apartment instead of 1/3? It felt horrible because my housing cost doubled.  Double rent means 1267 pesos less in savings or for other expenses like clothing or whatever else I could use.

In an ideal world I'd be able to find good honest and responsible roommates from the start, but it seems you don't really know what someone's like until you live with them for a few months!

What if I had rented this apartment by myself from the start like many people?  I would have saved 2533 pesos less each month for the months I have had paying roommates. That is a huge amount! People who rent a house or an apartment with more than one bedroom and don't rent out the other room are wasting money every single month.  Yes, you can have bad roommates, but you can also find good ones eventually.  Every month you share the cost of your home, you can save money for other things you need or for your retirement.

Lets say you don't care about retirement, but you are renting a 2 bedroom apartment alone.  If you can find someone to pay 50% of your rent to stay in the other room, you could save the other half for emergencies, for a vacation (instead of using the credit card), to buy your own place in cash eventually, or perhaps for that large screen 3D LED/LCD TV you've been drooling over. Sure it might take a few months or more to pay for that television in savings, but the point is that sharing makes financial sense.

I am happy to report that two days ago after a month of asking friends in Facebook, MSN, etc. if they know of anyone who wants to share, a friend let me know of two best friends needing a place to stay. They'd prefer separate rooms, but for the moment they can share.   I gave a price of rent plus general expenses to cover bills plus cleaning supplies, toilet paper, and stuff like that.  NO, I won't make any profit on this. Any extra money after paying bills and other general apartment expenses I'll set aside for things requested.

Last night after their first night here, one suggested getting a washing machine. That really wouldn't be a bad expense since I hate washing by hand and a washing machine would pay for its self in 12-15 months including the extra cost of electricity, water and detergent. I didn't want to get one because I didn't know if I'd even still be living here in 2-3 months, but since I'll be signing a contract for a year and finally have people in the other room, I might just go for it if I can find a machine that isn't more than 4000 pesos.  It would eat my extra savings the first month, but I'd save about 350 pesos each month by not dropping of my clothes to be washed every week. How much would I save with a full house of roommates using a washer? Probably not much, but if each pays 100 pesos more in their rent, that would cover the extra utilities and everyone would be happy. They'd save money and so would I.  

What's next for me?  I know I spend too much on food, but what I'd really like right now is to find a roommate to share my bedroom with. I'd probably spend 1 or two month's in savings just getting my essential stuff organized to make room for someone else, but later I'd have an extra 633 pesos each month for saving or again for whatever I want.  Plus, I really like sharing with others as long as they are not noisy and are responsible. I'm really not sure if I'll put up an advertisement for sharing my room, but if anyone asks I'll be sure to mention the opportunity!

How is my financial freedom situation different from others online? I make very little money compared to most I see in forums online. I'm not an engineer or physicist or any other high paying occupation. I work freelance so my income is irregular, I just need to sacrifice more in spending. What someone in USA considers bare-essentials seems very luxurious to me with their car, whole apartment and budget that includes clothing and other extras. I'm a shy extrovert. I like being with good people so even sharing my own room would be good.  If you are introverted, find another introvert for your OTHER bedrooms. Since both of you will need more alone time, you'll discover you'll chat for a few minutes and be in your bedrooms most of the time you're at home!

If you are lucky enough to have a good steady income, take advantage of the opportunity to have roommates and save money for your future.  If your extra rooms and garage are full of stuff you haven't touched for at least a year, plan a garage sale, sell it on E-bay, or just donate that stuff to Goodwill!

Get excited over small improvements for Financial Independence

On the road to early retirement or financial independence, it is easy to lose motivation due to the fact that it takes time to save and invest enough money (especially for someone with a low income)  Unless you plan on dumpster diving and camping in the woods, you will always have some basic costs which require at least 300 times your monthly expenses in investments to be considered safe (4% annual withdrawal)

So what can you do?  To stay motivated enough to make a difference?

• First realize that every month that you live frugally by not buying things you don't need, packing lunches for work, drinking water or tea instead of soft drinks, and sharing your home (and therefore rent or mortgage and utilities) IS an improvement.  That's one month you didn't dig yourself deeper in debt or that is one month more in your emergency fund or investments.  Even if you stop next month, it did make a difference.
• Second, look back on your progress since you started to take actions. (Thinking about it doesn't count) When did you start making large payments to your emergency fund?  When did you get the new roommate? When did you start seeing your bank account balance grow even though your income didn't go up?  Start from that point. Either compare bank, credit card, and investment (including retirement) statements from then and now or check your personal finance spreadsheet if you have it there in a net-worth spreadsheet. I always enjoy seeing my AFORE account grow when I get the statements every four months. It isn't a lot, but I know that I don't need the retirement funds yet (almost 36 years old), and even if I stop saving now that money will grow. Also the AFOREs have INFONAVIT funds for purchasing an urban lot or buying a home. The loan they could offer me right now would be for a really tiny townhouse at the edge of the suburbs without a yard and limited in services.  While I might not mind that for retirement, I can't do that while working since I'd have at least a two hour perhaps even 3 hour commute. I can't justify doubling my commute right now. However if I regularly save a large percent of my money every month I should be able to either buy a large house on the edge of the suburbs or a tiny condominium close to the city center. Both have advantages and disadvantages, but through each month's saving and investing, I know I'm a little closer to the goal even if it is just 1% of what I need to pay in cash.
• Keep a progress report:  You could use a tab in your spreadsheet for an informal report on how  you're doing. Make a rough net-worth page dividing your assets and liabilities. Make one row for each. Each column can be a month. As you get your statements for each account make an entry for that month. Make a field for totals for both assets and liabilities and finally one for the net worth which is the difference.  Celebrate going from debt to zero and celebrate short term goals like saving at least 50% of your income consistently. 
• Don't feel bad when you make a mistake or can't save one month due to an emergency or other setback.  It happens. Learn from it and move on. I probably will only be able to save money 9 months of the year because I normally only teach half of April, December, and January. Half the income means I just lost my 50% savings. I still have to live the entire month! Instead of feeling bad about those three months I should feel good about the nine months I worked on paying off the credit card and saving my 4 month emergency fund.  The next 9 out of 12 months should make a big difference in investments. 
• Get excited about firsts. What do I mean?  The first time you have something good for your financial health, take a moment to feel good about it. Knowing that your financial future (independence or retirement) is good should be just as exciting as the new purse or 3-D LCD television.  I just got a first yesterday when I finally got access to check my AFORE statements online (including current balances).  Instead of having to wait every four months, I can log in and get a report showing how each sub-account is doing.  I was excited to see that my voluntary deposits earned 14.50 pesos in the last month and a half. Yeah I know that's the cost of a sandwich, but over half of the savings were deposited 14 days ago. 
• Take time to dream about your future.  I see 14.50 pesos in growth of my voluntary deposits and I can imagine 25 next month, and 40 the next as I double the amount and later increase it by a third then a fourth. (as the balance increases my monthly deposits increase the total by a lower percent, but every pesos I add helps earn that month and the following until I spend it on one of my goals or need it for an emergency.
• Imagine what you could buy using the interest from your investments to motivate you to keep investing (sacrifice the short term to enjoy the long term)  No, you didn't buy the TV this month, but that $1000 USD should earn you at least 4% or $40 USD a year. Don't buy the TV and instead invest it and eventually you'll have enough interest to pay your electricity bill or your vacation once a year even if you don't reach early retirement or financial independence even a few months of effort will make a big difference.

Sometimes you need to increase income to reach very early retirement

Being frugal is sometimes not enough for extremely early retirement (or financial independence) 

Extremely early retirement is possible through frugal living, but it is also important to have a decent come to let you save up fast. If you only make what counts for minimum wage in your country, even a high percentage isn't much money and who wants to live on a completely bare-bones depression budget?  We should live off of the basics, but not suffer to get by.

To me frugal is to only spend on what you need to be healthy, happy, and comfortable over the long term. I don't need to have a night at the cinema to be happy. At least I don't need that more than once a month (or perhaps once every two months.

I do however need to eat a variety of vegetables on a regular basis. If I don't eat my veggies, I feel bad and lethargic. I know that if I only ate the cheapest vegetables I'd spent a little less on food, but it would cause a large decrease in happiness compared to the savings of perhaps 30-40 pesos per week.

Being frugal is also not buying on impulse or getting something just because it is cool, trendy, or what all your friends have. It is living without spending a lot of money on entertainment.

Having said that, we all have to eat, pay for a place to live, and clothes to wear. Unless you have a several thousand dollar a month income or live for free with your parents, it will be difficult for you to save the 80% of income needed to retire in about 6 years.  saving 80% spending 20% withdrawing 4% annually 6.25 =25/(0.8/0.2).


The less you save the longer it will take you to reach your very early retirement savings goal. I was a little disappointed to see that at my current 50% savings  (about 40% more than your typical earthling), It will take me about 25 years according to the formula. 25 =25/(0.5/0.5) If I were in my early 20s that would be fine, but I'm almost 36 years old and I want to retire in my mid 40s so I need to make a plan to increase that percent!


If I go from 50% to 60% (which would either mean packing my sandwich or rice with vegetables or eating at home everyday and perhaps washing my clothes by hand), It will take me about 17 years. That's still too long for me.


The only solution is to live frugally and increase income. The more I make while maintaining my expenses at the current (frugal, but no suffering) level, the more I will save (the higher the percent for savings).


At 70% savings, I can retire at almost 11 years. That's not bad. It is one year more than I'd like, but I am actually planning on working on my artwork so I could sell a few paintings and digital artwork and sell some graphic design. I very much doubt that Print-on-Demand websites will go away so I won't have to live 100% off my savings. I might go into semi-retirement after 8 years if I can build a small or tiny house in the country and have a garden, internet, and a solar water heater. It is hard to say since I only recently thought of the idea. It would be fun to have a couple years dedicated to creating art and design to survive on and live simply. Sometimes being a teacher with a full schedule can be stressful.


Now that I know I need to increase my income and live simply to reach my retirement goal, the next step is to find ways to increase that income. Do I want to find another job? Perhaps I could blog for someone else or write a book? I could put extra time into creating great graphic design. I could try to find more translation work. It is stressful, but a long translation could mean a lot of income if I could find someone who needs that help. I could also raise prices for English classes, but that also will increase the possibility that people will cancel when they have unplanned expenses.

Reduce Housing Expenses to save money

Since your goal should be to save as much as possible every month so you can get financial independence, early retirement, or buy your own home, perhaps you could start with those pesky large fixed expenses.

The three largest expenses for most people are food, transportation, and housing.

Your housing expenses could be mortgage payments, property taxes, maintenance, and home owner association fees. It could also be rent payments or perhaps you live with your parents for free!

Assuming you can't or don't want to live with your parents consider one of the following:

Move to a smaller apartment. Go from three bedrooms to two bedrooms or two bedrooms to one. If you are in a one bedroom apartment consider an efficiency apartment. from there perhaps rent a bedroom with kitchen access near where you work.

Do you have a two bedroom apartment? Instead of downsizing you could rent the room to a friend or post an advertisement. Increase what you want by a little to cover utilities and don't forget to ask for half of the deposit.  If you rent to a stranger ask for references and be sure your bedroom has a lock on its door.

Many people don't move to a smaller and cheaper apartment or share because they have too much stuff. The extra room is full of boxes of stuff. You may not even remember what's in the boxes, but they're there taking up space and costing you money.

If that's your situation, then you need to urgently go one box at a time and make piles of things to sell, things to toss, and things to donate. Whatever doesn't sell gets donated.

An excellent rule is to get rid of whatever you haven't used for one year.

Where does the money to save come from?

Saving money for your emergency fund or to invest comes from the same sources:

1. Your regular salary and commissions
2. Gifts from family for birthdays and Christmas
3. If you have a regular job, you might get a Christmas bonus or profit sharing money.

Perhaps you can think of others sources of income.  Take your income and subtract your average expenses and save the difference.  The rule is extremely simple.  Spend less than you earn. In fact, if you want to retire early one day or be financially independent and do what you love instead of working for the paycheck, spend much less than you earn.

Do you spend the same or more than you earn? You are probably miserable and either regularly borrowing from family and friends or you are making payments on one or more credit cards.

Sure you might be able to afford the payments right now, but you are also paying a lot of interest. That's money that you could have invested and could have been working for you. Instead you are working for the bank or credit card company!

Perhaps you don't make much money and even though you don't owe the bank you don't have savings. In this case, it is time to cut back your spending at least for 6 months while to build up your savings fund.  

Identify daily or near daily small expenses and also look for ways to spend less on housing, food, and transportation. Can you walk or bike to work?  Could you sell the car and take the bus or subway instead? Could you cook on Sunday and keep portions in the freezer to take with you for the week or just pack a couple sandwiches?  Even small amounts add up!  Don't forget to cancel any services you don't use and magazine subscriptions that you rarely read.  Downgrade to basic your telephone and cell phone. Better yet, cancel the one you use less.  If your boss lets you surf the net at work perhaps you could cancel your internet service at home. Cancel or downgrade your cable television service. 

A good savings goal would be 30% if you have children and 50% if you don't. Later you can try to save more. The higher your income, the easier it is to increase that %.  It doesn't really matter though. If you work you can save if you follow a plan that limits you to the basics for a while. Yes, I know most personal finance people say to save 10% of your income, but do you really want to wait 10 months to have one month of money for your emergency savings or for investing?  That's extremely slow and discouraging. At that rate you'll be lucky to retire at 65 depending on the market and when you started saving/investing.

As you build up your savings, make extra payments to your credit card(s). The interest you save next month can be applied as increased payments.  As you pay off your credit card debt don't buy more luxuries! Don't dig yourself any deeper in debt!

Finally lets say you already have a bare bones income and you already share your apartment and don't have any special bills. Every time you get extra income like gifts, profit sharing, or a Christmas bonus, put all of it into your fund and/or against your credit card debt. Don't give up! You can do it!

When your emergency fund is complete and your credit cards are paid off you'll be ready to invest what you don't spend every month including all the money that used to pay interest you owed.   You could alternatively invest a little while paying off debts, but in that case you are guessing that your investments will earn more than you pay in interest and you really don't know!

Where to put your emergency fund

Determine where to keep your emergency fund.

In my case, I decided on simplicity. I decided to keep my emergency fund in my normal bank account which uses a debit card. I then put half of it into a 90 day Certificate of Deposit so it will earn some interest. Since I keep 4 month's living expenses in my account I wouldn't have much difficulty in an emergency unless the emergency happens right after renewing the CD.  In any case 2 months should be enough time to liquidate some investments to cover the third.

For most people, the best option would be to keep the money in an interest bearing savings account however in today's barely growing economy, most earn less than 1% or they require a high minimum balance. If there is a minimum average balance and you go below that, you'll have to pay a fee. Instead of earning money you'll lose it.

Depending on the country where you live, you might have the option of transferring funds from your checking account to an online bank account that pays better. Just find out about possible fees and delays for transfers back to an account from which you can withdrawal funds.

Once I get used to the routine and see if I can increase it or at least maintain my savings, I'll decide whether or not a minimum balance account that earns interest is worth it. Unfortunately I'd need to increase my emergency savings by at least 50%. In that case, it might be better to just add another Certificate of Deposit for 90 days and just have it start a month after the first one is renewed.

What is important (at least for people with little self control), is to keep savings in an account that isn't a checking account. Perhaps not even have a way to access it by ATM card so you'd have to transfer funds from savings to checking before spending it on something that isn't an emergency.

In Mexico, inflation is at about 5% so keeping more than one month's cash in a no-interest savings account is not a good choice. After doing a lot of research I found a website run by the government called CetesDirecto. If you are a resident of Mexico, you can open an account. Cetes (Mexican equivalent of T-Bills) at 28 days is a good alternative to buying Certificates of Deposits (pagares) for short term savings.  Cetesdirecto started around the end of 2010 or beginning of 2011 so I didn't know about it. In fact none of my friends knew about it when I mentioned it to them the last few weeks. That website also lets you buy bondes (5yr), bonos, and udibonos (3,10, 20 and 30 year), but none of those would be a good choice for an emergency fund.

 If you lose your job you could spend the cash in your account and cancel the renewal of your CETES and then have the money available at the end of the month. You should find out what short term and low risk alternatives are available in the country that you live in. Your country might have a similar program!


Where do you keep your emergency fund?

Determining how much to put in Emergency Savings Fund

Before determining how much money to put in the emergency fund, I had to determine how much money I normally spend since it is best to base it on expenses instead of normal income.  

Thankfully I had created a Google Docs spreadsheet where I had made a simple calculation of approx. income and approx expenses. I discovered that my estimate was pretty correct and that the more classes I taught, the more I spent since I would have to spend more on transportation and food unless I wanted to carry a packed lunch with all my other stuff. 

I also would go to restaurants and stands in the street since it was faster or more comfortable for me. There is also a social aspect involved. It is nice to have a quick chat with someone who isn't a student or roommate.

How much should you save in your emergency fund?

The first thing you'd want to consider is your dependents.  Do you have any children or do you take care of your spouse or parents?  If you do I'd suggest having twice as much money in your emergency fund perhaps to to even a year of expenses (including expenses you pay for them). If you have dependents who cannot work, you should consider getting a life/disability insurance policy in case the worst thing happens.

Next consider pets. Your dog or cat might need to go to the vet. In some places, a veterinarian could get very expensive. If you have a pet, add a couple months more to emergency fund.

Now consider health insurance. Do you have health insurance? If not add a couple more month's to the fund. If you have health insurance, make sure your emergency fund has much more money than your health insurance plan's deductible.

Finally think about your mortgage. If you have big mortgage payments and you don't want to consider selling your home in an emergency, be sure you have enough to cover several months of mortgage payments. You don't want to pay late or missed payment fees nor do you want to have foreclosure proceedings start.

As you invest, you'll need less money in cash since you could sell stocks, bonds, or mutual funds to pay your bills, but until you have large investments, it is best to be ready for problems. 

Emergency Saving Fund

As a private teacher you can imagine that my income is extremely irregular, but there are not that many things I could legally do on my own schedule and still be able to pay the bills. Don't get me wrong, I love teaching, but it isn't exactly easy. I have to know the grammar rules, be able to explain things and of course be willing to teach before my students start work, during the 2pm lunch, after they finish work, and of course be willing to carry a bag with 3-5 kilograms of stuff that I need for teaching since I don't have an office desk to lock things in or a company fridge to store my lunch.

Since I don't think that teaching English classes is something that I'll be able to enjoy or physically do for perhaps the next ten years, I need an exit strategy. Before I started my first investments this April (2012), I had to first fund an emergency fund in cash.  I did that in January and February before I even thought of trying to retire early or become financially independent years earlier than what is considered proper by most financial advice websites. At the time I thought, If I am going to invest as much as possible for my own condo or income fund, I need to have cash for anything unexpected since liquidating investments usually causes special fees. Liquidating investments may cause a loss. Also early liquidation of investments often means having to wait several days or months to get cash.

One final simple reason why an emergency fund is essential:
If I invest every extra peso for investments and I get sick or need money I'll have to borrow from that fund to get by until the next half of the month when I charge my students again. At that point I can put the money back into savings. Without special cash savings, I would either save less or eventually have a problem and need to borrow or put expenses on my credit card.

What isn't an emergency fund?  
An emergency fund isn't an investment that would require waiting a day or more to have the cash. If it is an emergency you need the money today!
An emergency fund isn't a credit card or other line of credit with a financial institution. You don't owe money on it since it is your savings in cash.

How much did I decide to save in my emergency fund?
there are many things to consider for how much money to keep in cash for emergencies. I decided to keep living expenses for 2 months in cash and 2 months expenses in a Certificate of Deposit for 90 days.  Four months of living expenses isn't a lot of money, but it should get me by until I'm able to liquidate future investments if I need it.

Lets say that I lose my classes so my income drops near zero. I'll have 2 months cash expenses to use while I look for more work or blog or do artwork or whatever. By the time that's gone, the CD should expire and I'll have that money available in cash.

If I don't have an emergency, I'll renew the CD for another 30 days. At least this way I'll earn some interest on the cash and still be covered for a few months.

Background for early retirement journey

Getting started for very early retirement or financial independence

Hello everyone! I'm almost 36 and I've lived in the Greater Mexico City area including one of the cheaper suburbs (big mistake)for almost 11 and a half years working as an English teacher. I went independent several years ago. I was saving money slowly and spent it all during the big 2009-2011 recession and thankfully have recovered.

First of all, I talk about numbers in Mexican Pesos. I probably make less than 1/5 the money than most of you do at your jobs even though I'm doing better right now than ever before in the last 11 years. Of course everything could change next month since I'm working on my own and my only "marketing" is asking students and friends to recommend me.

I also sell artwork online. I started at the end of 2007 and slowly growing, but that really doesn't pay for more than my internet connection most months.

Issues:

Rent is a big issue. I share a 3 bedroom apartment in a poor neighborhood 5 minute walk to the nearest subway station, but my roommates are not very stable and they could move out any month.

Transportation is a big problem. Mexico City has a lot of opportunities, but since it is one of the largest cities and metropolitan areas in the world it is very normal to spend an hour or more to go from one place to another. I don't give classes near home, but not very far either.

It takes me typically between 1 and 1.5 hours between classes or classes to home ( I teach at the student's residence typically their office)

I take the bus and/or subway to get around.

Food cost is a big issue when I have a busy schedule (3 classes a day is a lot when you consider distances and travel time). I don't have an office fridge to store food and since I don't have a car either I really don't have the desire to carry packed food along with my books, DVDs, and other teaching supplies.

I've been lurking for about a week since I found the site and many of the ideas clicked. I could never get excited about retiring when I'm too old to enjoy it (How many 60+ are really in excellent health? perhaps half?)

Goals:

I'd like to own a tiny condo near central mexico city so I can't get around well on the subway. A tiny apartment in a poor area starts at 600,000 pesos so by the time I've saved up it will probably cost at least 700,000. By tiny condo, I mean approx. 45 square meters in a building with dozens of poor neighbors.

Goal 2 is to alternatively buy a relatively large property near one of the smaller cites for country living (I miss gardening). It would probably be cheaper to start, but I'd spend more on transportation since I'd need a car to go to the closest city.

I've been thinking about getting 800 square meters near Cuautla which is about 3 hours away by bus. I'm guessing it would cost me about one million pesos for a property of that size and build a decent house and a small pool on it although it could be done in stages. (1 buy a property and get a wall around it. 2. get the pool hole dug. 3. get house foundation poured. 4. build the minimal house and get solar power and solar water heater installed. 4. expand enough to be comfortable.) If I go with this option I'd keep renting and working a room here and go there on the weekends at least until I'm financially independent.

Meanwhile I keep saving and waiting for the shoe to drop. I figure one day my students will get laid off or something else will occur so in any case I need to save for when there isn't demand for classes.

Right now I'm trying to figure out how much money I need to save to be able to take a withdrawal rate of 4% or be able to pay for either land or the tiny apartment. Do any readers have suggestions?  I've been modifying my Google Docs budget spreadsheet and including a page for net worth and trying to figure out how to get it to tell me how much I need based on average expenses and current savings. I think It would keep me motivated to see the numbers improve with a definite goal.